Decoding transactions – a deep dive into enterprise card payment analytics

Published on June 11, 2024 by Vivek Singhal

Introduction

Card payment analytics have evolved significantly since their inception. Initially focused on basic transaction tracking, they have matured into a sophisticated tool for extracting actionable insights from credit and debit card data. With the rise of big data and AI, these analytics now anticipate trends, aiding businesses in personalised marketing, fraud detection and seamless customer experiences. The future promises even deeper integration with emerging technologies such as blockchain and IoT, revolutionising payment analytics.

Tracing the journey

• Early systems: Transactions before the 20^th century relied on cash and checks, with basic record-keeping.

• Electronic payment systems: The 20^th century saw the introduction of credit cards for simple tracking.

• Data processing era: Computers enabled larger-scale data collection and batch processing to gain insights.

• Emergence of POS systems: POS systems in the 1980s-90s enabled detailed data generation for segmentation and marketing.

• Online payments and e-commerce: Growth in the use of the internet led to advanced analytics such as machine learning for fraud detection and customer experience enhancement.

• Mobile payments and digital wallets: The rise of smartphones expanded analytics to include mobile transaction data and user behaviour.

• Blockchain and cryptocurrency: The emergence of blockchain technology introduced new challenges, requiring specialised analytics for decentralised transactions.

Evolution of payment analytics

In the late 20^th century, businesses recognised the importance of analysing payment data to gain a competitive advantage as transactions shifted from paper to digital formats, enabling more complex analytics. Early systems focused on basic reporting and transaction reconciliation.

With the advent of the 21^st-century digital revolution, numerous payment channels emerged, prompting payment analytics to evolve with real-time monitoring and advanced reporting tools. Enterprises began using data to understand customer preferences, paving the way for personalised commerce strategies.

The contemporary outlook: real-time monitoring and understanding the customer

In today's landscape, payment analytics encompass real-time monitoring, fraud detection and customer behaviour analysis. Businesses rely on advanced algorithms and machine learning to detect anomalies and improve security measures. The emergence of contactless payments, mobile wallets and diverse digital platforms has heightened the intricacy of payment data, highlighting the critical role of analytics.

How card transactions work

A credit/debit card transaction at a merchant entails a basic calculation of revenue to the payment processor:

Discount - Interchange - Assessment = Revenue

Discount: Payment processors charge merchants a percentage fee for handling card transactions.

Interchange: Fees paid between banks for card transactions, set by card networks based on transaction specifics.

Assessment: Fees levied by card networks on banks to maintain infrastructure, often a percentage of transaction volume.

A typical example of transfer fees in a credit card transaction

Financial institutions also generate revenue from the following:

• Other fees: Miscellaneous charges for card processing, such as gateway or chargeback fees.

• Equipment: Costs for hardware and software enabling card payments, such as POS terminals.

Components of card payment analytics

“Card payment analytics” refers to a process of collecting, aggregating, analysing and interpreting credit or debit card transactions. This data can be used to understand a customer’s portfolio, monitor sales, detect fraud and measure a product’s performance. The following describe card payment analysis from a financial institution’s perspective.

A deep dive into transaction analysis

Starting with basic descriptive data analysis, we analyse overall spending, sales of equipment and services and revenue generated by a merchant for a bank.

• Transaction monitoring:

This refers to tracking and analysing transactions at a merchant and keeping a close watch for deviations from established patterns. We use line or bar charts to analyse patterns such as spending amounts, average ticket volume (ATV) and revenue generated.

The following are examples of how a business gains insights by analysing transaction data m/m and YTD.

1. M/m comparison: Tracks percentage changes in metrics between months, revealing trends and areas for improvement in key performance indicators.

Example 1: M/m comparison of KPI metrics and ATV in a customised combined chart (stacked column and line with markers)

Source: Acuity Knowledge Partners

Example 2: M/m comparison of spending and transactions

Source: Acuity Knowledge Partners

2. YTD comparison: Assessing data from the beginning of the year to date helps in performance evaluation and decision-making.

Example 1: YTD comparison of active customers, spending transactions, revenue and ATV

Source: Acuity Knowledge Partners

3. Waterfall analysis: This is a financial modelling technique used to analyse the sequential impact of gains and losses on a given outcome, presenting a step-by-step breakdown of changes.

Example 1: Overall YTD revenue shows a decline of c.USD0.05m (the difference between the first and last bars, in blue); a revenue loss of c.USD0.5m due to customer attrition (second bar, in red); new customers in the current period show very slow revenue growth, by c.USD0.26m, compared with the previous period (third and fourth bars, in green); repeat customers show growth of c.USD0.06m in the current year (fifth bar, in green).

Source: Acuity Knowledge Partners

We can further analyse this by segments such as customer category, sector, spending bucket, seasonality and pricing method.

Customer attrition:

Customer attrition has always been a key challenge for business and affects the merchant-acquiring sector as well. Merchant acquiring is a highly competitive market, with each acquirer focusing on winning larger market share than peers’. Traditional acquirers face more challenges now – not only from similar acquirers but also from new fintech players who have won over merchants with fast turnaround times, improved technology, and value-added services. Competitors, especially new fintech firms, are pleased to bridge the gap left by traditional merchant acquirers and the card issuers they partner with.

Payment analytics help to flag customers who leave and to report this to relationship managers, so they can identify the reason for customers leaving.

Example 1: M/m revenue attrition as a percentage of the merchant-acquiring sector

Source: Acuity Knowledge Partners

Example 2: M/m spending attrition as a percentage of the merchant-acquiring sector

Source: Acuity Knowledge Partners

Example 3: M/m merchant attrition as a percentage of the merchant-acquiring sector

Source: Acuity Knowledge Partners

How Acuity Knowledge Partners can help

Our commercial regional banking institution clients leverage our expertise in data curation and analytics, deploying our services as extensions of their in-house teams. We provide efficient, scalable, flexible and seamless solutions for payment analytics, combined with data accuracy, for effective decision-making relating to merchant portfolios.

Sources:

• https://www.paymentsjournal.com/solving-the-merchant-attrition-problem/

• https://corporate.payu.com/blog/what-merchants-need-to-know-about-payment-analytics/

• https://www.checkout.com/blog/payment-analytics-guide

• https://www.jdpower.com/business/press-releases/2024-us-merchant-services-satisfaction-study

• https://verinite.com/how-to-use-payment-analytics-to-grow-business/

• https://www.fsstech.com/resources/2020-01/FSS_Paynalytix_(Single_Page_PDF).pdf

• https://staxpayments.com/blog/7-ways-to-use-payment-analytics-to-grow-business/

• www.Google.com

• https://chat.openai.com/

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